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Socioeconomic inequalities in obesity were analysed using simple measures of group differences (prevalence difference [PD], prevalence ratio [PR]) and complex summary measures of inequality (slope index of inequality [SII], relative index of inequality [RII]). PDs and SIIs quantify the magnitude of absolute inequality, and PRs and RIIs represent the magnitude of relative inequality. Selective use of exclusively absolute or relative measures of inequality can lead to a biased assessment of increasing or decreasing health inequalities over time; thus it is recommended that both be considered when possible
Overweight and obesity can be influenced by individual factors such as the type of food people eat and how much physical activity they do as well as by other factors, including the environment and society in which they live. Social determinants of health the circumstances in which people grow, live, work and age can strengthen or undermine the health of individuals and communities. Therefore, social inequalities and disadvantage often contribute to unfair and avoidable differences in health outcomes across groups in society.
Overall, it finds that people with higher levels of education are less likely to be overweight or obese. Living in Major cities and in homes that are owned outright may also be associated with a reduced likelihood of overweight and obesity.
