Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that is closely linked to excess weight, making obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome a significant area of study. Obesity exacerbates insulin resistance, a key feature of PCOS, leading to increased androgen production, menstrual irregularities, and ovulatory dysfunction. Women with PCOS often experience weight gain due to hormonal imbalances affecting appetite and metabolism. Additionally, obesity worsens inflammation and metabolic disturbances, increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Lifestyle interventions, including weight management, exercise, and dietary changes, play a crucial role in improving reproductive and metabolic outcomes. Emerging treatments, such as GLP-1 receptor agonists, are being explored for their potential benefits in managing PCOS symptoms.