Childhood and adolescent obesity have become a pressing global health concern over recent decades. Defined as an excessive accumulation of Body Fat, it poses serious short-term and long-term health risks. This condition is often a result of a complex interplay between genetic, behavioural, environmental, and societal factors. During childhood and adolescence, obesity significantly increases the risk of various health complications such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, high blood pressure, and musculoskeletal issues. It can also impact mental health, leading to low self-esteem, depression, and social stigma. Poor dietary choices, sedentary lifestyles, limited access to nutritious foods, excessive screen time, and reduced physical activity are key contributing factors. Family dynamics, socioeconomic status, and community environments also play pivotal roles in shaping a child's risk of obesity. Prevention strategies involving education on healthy eating habits, promoting physical activity, fostering supportive environments at home and school, and limiting exposure to unhealthy food marketing are crucial in addressing childhood and adolescent obesity. Early intervention and a holistic approach involving families, healthcare providers, educators, and policymakers are essential to combat this growing health crisis and ensure the well-being of future generations.