Abstract:
Obesity and its co-morbidities have become severe health and socioeconomic problems. Surgical treatment for obesity, known as weight loss surgery or bariatric surgery, is remarkably effective in controlling morbid obesity and resolving type 2 diabetes. Bariatric surgery, such as Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy, has been shown to modulate gut hormone levels and induce metabolic and gut microbial changes. This talk aims to first explore RYGB-induced changes in host-microbial co-metabolism and gut bacterial compositional shifts. The sustained metabolic changes include energy metabolism and host-microbial co-metabolites (e.g., hippurate, phenylacetylglycine / phenylacetylglutamine, trimethylamine N-oxide), along with fecal tyramine concentrations and increased abundances of the Enterobacteriaceae family, reflecting significant gut microbiome perturbations post-RYGB. I will next present the potential consequences of these RYGB-induced changes, such as tyramine. We showed that tyramine, which can be derived from diet and/or the gut bacterial metabolism of tyrosine, increased colon cancer risk via increased DNA damage, cell proliferation, and inflammation using HCT-116 cells and wild-type and ApcMin/+ mice. In conclusion, RYGB leads to gut microbiome disturbances, which may subsequently influence gut health in long-term following RYGB.
