Abstract:
Obesity, a complex and multifactorial characterized by the excessive of accumulation of body fat, it has been increasing over the years. Approximately one in each eight adults worldwide are overweight. The cardiologist`s view is that these patients fundamental in the management of patients with obesity, after all a large proportion suffer from chronic diseases such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, sleep apnea and diabetes mellitus, leading to an increase in cardiovascular events over time. We know that 67.5% of deaths related to high body mass index are attributable to cardiovascular diseases. Inflammation is a central to cardiovascular disease and the inflammatory process resulting from obesity explain the high number of obese individuals with heart disease. Atherosclerotic plaque is not only a consequence of dyslipidemia but also of an inflammatory environment where endothelial dysfunction, LDL cholesterol, macrofages and inflammatory cytokines are present, culminating in plaque rupture and the occurrence of an acute event. Around this is the presence of visceral fat and insulin resistance, smoking, sedentary lifestyles in this population is fundamental as a measure to minimize or reverse metabolic disease. We know that moderate physical activity doesn`t have a significant effect on weight loss, but it helps to maintain the weight loss and significantly improves the inflammatory process, in addition to it providing benefits to mental health. Aerobic training during weight loss has been shown to increase maximum oxygen consumption and resistance training during weight loss leads to less lean mass loss and increased muscle strength. Barriers to physical exercise in obesity people should be considered and individuals who cannot achieve the recommended exercise goals (150 a 300 minutes/week of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise or 75 a 150 minutes/week vigorous- intensity aerobic exercise) plus strength training 2 a 3 times/week must be encouraged to do what they can initially. I believe the doctor-patient relationship is fundamental in this process. Welcoming patients and encouraging lifetyle changes can help the combat of obesity and consequently reduce cardiovascular events in the coming years.
