Abstract:
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by challenges in social communication, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviors. Children with ASD are at increased risk for various health-related challenges, including gastrointestinal issues, sleep disturbances, obesity, and limited physical activity. Among these, poor dietary habits and physical inactivity are particularly concerning due to their long-term implications on overall health and quality of life. Research indicates that children with ASD often exhibit selective eating behaviors, leading to nutritional deficiencies and imbalanced dietary patterns. These challenges are compounded by low levels of physical activity, often due to sensory sensitivities, lack of motivation, or limited access to inclusive activity programs. The combination of poor nutrition and physical inactivity contributes significantly to the development of weight-related issues and increases the risk of chronic diseases later in life.
Horticultural activities have emerged as a promising intervention to address these dual challenges. Involving children in planting, harvesting, and preparing food not only enhances their familiarity and cooperation with various food sources but also encourages them to try new, healthy foods. Furthermore, these activities inherently promote physical movement and engagement in an enjoyable, sensory-rich environment tailored to the needs of children with ASD. Our study implemented a structured horticultural intervention program combined with targeted educational components for children with ASD. The program aimed to improve nutrition knowledge, increase acceptance of diverse foods, and promote regular physical activity. The results demonstrated significant improvements in dietary patterns, food acceptance, and nutrition-related knowledge. Additionally, participants showed moderate but promising increases in physical activity levels. These findings suggest that integrating horticultural activities with appropriate educational strategies can be an effective, holistic approach to managing the health of children with ASD. By addressing both nutritional behaviors and physical activity, such interventions may contribute to better weight management and reduced risk of chronic diseases in this vulnerable population.
Keywords: Autism Spectrum Disorder, Horticultural activity, Education, Weight management, Health.
