Abstract:
IUGR refers to child with too low birth weigt and/or lenght (<-2SD) compared to gestational age, for gender and population. Insulin resistance is a metabolic disorder which can associate IUGR children. A number of gene polimorphisms were found: INSVNTR, PPARγ2/Pro12 Ala, ACEI/D,CDKN1; the old theories as Baker thirty phenotyp”, abnormal phosphorylation of thyrosin kinase the β-insulin receptor subunit- decreased GLUT4, increased IGF1 during „catch up growth”. In the light of new reports, the following are seen in children with IUGR: oxydative stress during pregnancy, epigenetic regulation in fetal period (methylation of co-activator 1αPPARγ) and central insulin resistance (increased IRS-1 phosphorylation in the ARC).The role of adipocytokines (leptin resistance and hypoadiponectinemia) is also important in insulin resistance process. In our old study we have received statistically significant increased of HOMA and QUICKI in IUGR prepubertal children and not statistically but increased leptin and decreased adiponectin leveles. Children with IUGR needs a special attention concerning obesity and metabolic X syndrome.The progression of exploration in this area requires constant broadening of knowledge.
